Posts by JETem

A Comprehensive and Modality Diverse Cervical Spine and Back Musculoskeletal Physical Exam Curriculum for Medical Students

Konnor Davis, MD1,2, Aaron Frank, MD1,3, Trinidad Alcala-Arcos, BS1, Claire Godenzi, MD1,4, Melissa Allison, MD1,5, Clara Riggle, MD1,6, Sangeeta Sakaria, MD, MPH, MST7, Ariana M Nelson, MD1, 8, Alisa Wray, MD, MAEd1,9 and Brian Y Kim, MD, MA1,10

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8RQ0NIssue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
By the end of this session, students will be able to: 1) demonstrate how to properly perform a cervical spine and back physical exam, 2) understand the reasoning behind cervical spine and back PE maneuvers, 3) identify the proper technique and equipment to use for the cervical spine and back PE, 4) understand normal and abnormal findings in the cervical spine and back PE, 5) accurately record and report exam findings for the cervical spine and back PE.
OrthopedicsSmall Group Learning

A Recipe for Disaster – Sodium Bicarbonate Overdose

Adeola A Kosoko, MD*, Amara Ogoke, MD* and Kyle Vogt, MD^

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8MW85 Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
At the end of this oral board session, learners will be able to: 1) obtain a history which includes medications and other supplements used by the patient, 2) interpret a prolonged QTc, 3) diagnose metabolic alkalosis due to sodium bicarbonate toxicity, and 4) manage sodium bicarbonate toxicity with fluid and electrolyte resuscitation.
Certifying Exam CasesToxicology

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Eclampsia

Kristina Jacomino, MD*, Kevin Tomecsek, MD*, Andrew Little, DO* and Mary Mclean, MD*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8H64T Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
At the end of this oral boards session, examinees will be able to: 1) demonstrate familiarity with the structured interview oral board format and case play; 2) recognize the history and exam features concerning for PRES and eclampsia; 3) order appropriate diagnostic workup for postpartum and hypertensive emergencies including eclampsia and PRES; 4) understand treatment options for the management of eclampsia (intravenous [IV] magnesium sulfate, IV antihypertensive therapy, and emergent consultation with an obstetrician [OB/GYN]); 5) understand threshold for taking control of airway in patients with eclampsia; 6) understand indications for ordering brain imaging in patients with eclampsia and altered mental status; and 7) demonstrate effective communication with treatment team/family members as well as correct disposition of the patient to a higher level of care (intensive care unit [ICU]).
Certifying Exam CasesNeurologyOb/Gyn
Calcinosis Cutis. Prior Elbow XR Lateral. JETem 2025

Metastatic Calcinosis Cutis in the Emergency Department: A Case Report

Christian Hernandez-Zegada, MD*, Holly Conger, MD* and Brian Milman, MD*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J87Q00 Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
X-ray imaging was obtained of the left elbow and showed soft tissue calcium deposits. Radiology stated, “massive periarticular calcinosis of renal failure obscures fine osseous detail. Several of the largest calcifications have decompressed since the prior exam and may contribute to the drainage observed clinically. Superimposed infection is not excluded.” X-rays with an asterisk are the comparison images from two months previous to the visit. Areas of decompression are highlighted in blue demonstrating that some of the larger calcified nodules are no longer present.
Visual EMDermatologyRenal/Electrolytes
Dental Free Air CT Coronal Unannotated. JETem 2025

A Case Report of Facial Swelling and Crepitus Following a Dental Procedure

Shady Mikhail, MD*, George Mina, MD^, Alisa Wray MD, MAEd† and Danielle Matonis, MD†

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J83W8H Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
Given the physical exam findings of crepitus on the right neck up to the right lower eyelid, a maxillofacial CT scan without contrast was performed. It revealed diffuse subcutaneous air within the soft tissues of the face and neck and free air within the pre-septal soft tissue of the right eye, appearing as hyperlucent (dark) areas on CT within the soft tissue planes (blue outline). It showed no evidence of post-septal free air. A single-view chest X-ray was also performed and was unremarkable except for incompletely imaged soft tissue gas in the right lower neck (blue outline). On flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy performed by ENT, the oropharynx appeared diffusely edematous and narrowed.
Visual EMENT
Uvular Necrosis Photo. Unannotated. JETem 2025

Case Report of Post-Operative Uvular Necrosis Following Intubation

Laryssa Patti, MD*, Jal Trivedi, MD^ and Mary Rometti, MD†

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8065J Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
The distal portion of her uvula was necrotic with a clear demarcation approximately halfway up the uvula. She had no trauma to the anterior oropharyngeal structures, tonsils, or adenoids. There were no lesions to the hard or soft palate. She had no carotid bruits or thrills, and no tenderness over the anterior portion of the neck.
Visual EMENT
Incarcerated Gastric Volvulus and Splenic Herniation. Abdominal Radiograph. Unannotated. JETem 2025

Case Report of Incarcerated Gastric Volvulus and Splenic Herniation in Undiagnosed Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in an Infant

Kate R Gelman*, Torren A Kalaskey*and Federico G. Seifarth, MD ^

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8VD27 Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
An upper gastrointestinal series (UGI) showed an enteric tube with its tip in the stomach and side-port in the esophagus. There was a large amount of air in the stomach and a small volume of scattered distal bowel gas. The tip of an enteric tube was seen in the stomach (red arrow). Contrast partially filled the stomach, and the greater curvature was visualized superior to the lesser curvature in the left upper quadrant (blue arrow). The body of the stomach was herniated into the right chest through a Bochdalek hernia (blue star). There was a large amount of air in the stomach and a small volume of scattered distal bowel gas. These findings were consistent with mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus.
Visual EMAbdominal/GastroenterologyPediatrics
Mycoplasma Associated Acute Transverse Myelitis. MRI. Unannotated. JETem 2025

Beware of the Pediatric Limp: A Case of Mycoplasma Associated Acute Transverse Myelitis

Michael Neff, MD*, Nicholas Xie, MD^, Joseph Fong, MD† and Gregory Podolej, MD**

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8QQ1Q Issue 10:3[mrp_rating_result]
An MRI with contrast, T2 sequence was performed. In Figures a-d, the MRI of the patient’s brain and spinal cord on admission shows abnormal signals in the patient’s pons (lack of symmetrical gray-white differentiation on cross-section) along with hyperintensity (sagittally shown as brightness in what should be homogenously intense spinal cord) and significant central cord edema (with swelling seen as increased width) starting from C5 and continuing to the conus medullaris around L1/L2.
Visual EMNeurologyPediatrics