Visual EM

Perilunate Dislocation

John Jiao, MHS^* and Shannon Toohey, MD, MA^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8F59RIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

In the left lateral wrist x-ray, the lunate is dislocated from the rest of the wrist bones but still articulates with the radius. The capitate does not sit within the distal articulation of the lunate and is displaced dorsally. Additionally, a line drawn through the radius and lunate fails to intersect with the capitate. This is consistent with a perilunate dislocation. This is compared to a lunate dislocation, where the lunate itself is displaced and turned ventrally (spilled teacup) and the proximal aspect does not articulate with the radius.

Orthopedics Visual EM

Femoral Neck Fracture

Jonathan Lee^* and Shannon Toohey, MD, MA^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J89G6GIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

In the anteroposterior view bilateral hip x-ray, there is an evident loss of Shenton’s line on the left when compared to the normal right, indicative of a fracture in the left femoral neck. This correlates with findings seen on pelvic CT, which reveals both a subcapital fracture and transcervical fracture. The neck of the femur is displaced superiorly relative to the head of the femur while the head of the femur remains in its anatomical position within the acetabulum.

Orthopedics Visual EM

Traumatic Aortic Injury

Brianna Miner^*, Megan Boysen Osborn, MD, MHPE^* and Shannon Toohey, MD, MA^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J85P4JIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

The initial chest x-ray showed an abnormal superior mediastinal contour (blue line), suggestive of a possible aortic injury. The CT angiogram showed extensive circumferential irregularity and outpouching of the distal aortic arch (red arrows) compatible with aortic transection. In addition, there was a circumferential intramural hematoma, which extended through the descending aorta to the proximal infrarenal abdominal aorta (green arrow). There was also an extensive surrounding mediastinal hematoma extending around the descending aorta and supraaortic branches (purple arrows).

Trauma Cardiology/Vascular Visual EM

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome: Electrocardiogram

Brianna Miner^*, Jonathan Patane, MD^*, and Carrie Chandwani, MD^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8201KIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

The initial EKG showed wide complex, irregular tachycardia > 200 bpm (EKG 1). Given the possibility of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW), procainamide was given to the patient. The patient’s heart rate responded and decreased to 120-140 bpm with narrowing of the QRS complex. A repeat EKG showed narrow complex tachycardia without P waves approximately 120 bpm (EKG 2). Once the procainamide infusion was complete, the patient had converted to sinus rhythm with a delta wave now apparent, consistent with WPW (EKG 3).

Cardiology/Vascular Visual EM

Posterior Elbow Dislocation

Victoria Oppenheim^* and Megan Boysen Osborn, MD, MHPE^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8X593Issue 1:2 No ratings yet.

Elbow dislocations are classified by the position of the radio-ulnar joint relative to the humerus.1 Images 1, 2, and 3 show a left posterior elbow dislocation; the radius and ulna (red lines) are displaced posteriorly with respect to the distal humerus (blue line). The lateral view of the elbow most clearly shows this: trochlear notch of the ulna (red line) is empty and displaced posteriorly relative to the trochlea (blue line). There is no associated fracture. Images 4 and 5 show the elbow status-post reduction, demonstrating proper alignment of the distal humerus (blue line) with the radius and ulna (red lines).

Orthopedics Visual EM

Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy

Valentina Park, BS^* and Shannon Toohey, MD, MA^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8SG6TIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

The patient’s serum beta-hCG was 5,637 mIU/mL. The transvaginal ultrasound showed an empty uterus with free fluid posteriorly in the pelvis and Pouch of Douglas (00:00). A 4.5 cm heterogeneous mass was visible in the left adnexa concerning for an ectopic pregnancy (00:10).

Ob/Gyn Visual EM

Odontoid Fracture, CT Coronal. JETem 2016

Odontoid Fracture: Computed Tomography

Jonathan Peña, MD^* and Alisa Wray, MD^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8NP4WIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

Computed Tomography (CT) of the cervical spine showed a stable, acute, non-displaced fracture of the odontoid process extending into the body of C2, consistent with a Type III Odontoid Fracture. He was evaluated by orthopedic spine service who recommended conservative, non-operative management.

Orthopedics Visual EM

5th Finger Dislocation Photograph JETem 2016

Open Dislocation of Fifth Digit

Robert Rowe, MD^* and Alisa Wray, MD^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8J01XIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

Physical exam revealed an open dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) of the right fifth digit. X-ray confirmed dislocation and revealed no fractures. The patient received a tetanus booster, Cefazolin, and the dislocation was then washed out and reduced. Multiple reduction attempts were made and were only successful once the metacarpophalangeal joints were held in 90 degree flexion, which relaxed the lateral bands and enabled the finger to be reduced.

Orthopedics Visual EM

Pleural Effusion, AP Chest Xray JETem 2016

Large Right Pleural Effusion

Robert Rowe, MD^* and Alisa Wray, MD^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8D59FIssue 1:2 No ratings yet.

Chest x-ray and bedside ultrasound revealed a large right pleural effusion, estimated to be greater than two and a half liters in size.

Respiratory Visual EM

Morel-Lavallée Lesion

Grant G Simpson* and Brandon R Allen, MD^*

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J88G65Issue 1:2 No ratings yet.

On physical examination, the patient was noted to have a nearly “watermelon-sized” fluctuant mass to his right lateral superior quadriceps with multiple overlying abrasions (Image 1). Computed tomography (CT) scans of the area showed a large heterogeneous collection measuring roughly 37x9.5x16 centimeters in the subcutaneous adipose layer of the lateral right thigh (Image 2), while ultrasonography revealed a complex fluid collection containing some nodular solid components and debris (Image 3). Additionally, radiographs confirmed multiple fractures including most significantly a pelvic ring fracture. Surgical debridement, evacuation, and sclerodhesis were performed nine weeks post injury to allow overlying abrasions to heal prior to intervention.

Orthopedics Visual EM