Respiratory
A Just-in-Time Video Primer on Pneumothorax Pathophysiology and Early Management
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8891JBy the end of this module, participants should be able to: 1) review the normal physiology of the pleural space; 2) discuss the pathophysiology of pneumothorax; 3) describe the clinical presentation of pneumothorax; 4) identify pneumothorax on a chest radiograph; and 5) review treatment options for pneumothorax.
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8C35XAt the conclusion of the simulation session, learners will be able to: 1) obtain a thorough history relevant to altitude illnesses; 2) develop a differential for dyspnea in a patient with environmental exposures; 3) discuss prophylaxis and management of HAPE; 4) discuss appropriate disposition of the patient including descent and subsequent appropriate level of care.
An Innovative Inexpensive Portable Pulmonary Edema Intubation Simulator
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8MM1RBy the end of the session, learners will be able to: 1. Discuss the pathophysiology of, and immediate stabilization management steps for, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 2. List the indications, contraindications, and risks associated with intubating a patient with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 3. Demonstrate effective communication and teamwork skills to manage the airway of a simulated patient in respiratory distress due to acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 4. Successfully and safely intubate a simulated patient with a difficult airway due to visual obstruction from frothy pulmonary edema secretions.
Rapid Airway Narrowing Associated with Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J86D3QNeck X-ray showed nonspecific significant prevertebral soft tissue swelling at the level of the cervical spine, with associated apparent thickening of the epiglottis (yellow arrow), diffuse soft tissue swelling of the neck (red arrows) and tracheal airway narrowing (light blue arrow). The computed tomography imaging of the neck was significant for multiple conglomerating pathological lymph nodes with a significant mass effect (orange arrows) compressing the right internal jugular vein (green arrow).
Pulseless Electrical Activity Cardiac Arrest
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8Z055After competing this simulation-based session, the learner will be able to: 1) Identify PEA arrest; 2) review the ACLS commonly recognized PEA arrest etiologies via the H &T mnemonic; 3) review and discuss the risks and benefits of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for massive PE.
A Comprehensive Course for Teaching Emergency Cricothyrotomy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8JS9WAfter completing this activity, the learner will be able to: 1) correctly describe the indications for and contraindications to emergency cricothyrotomy; 2) correctly describe and identify on the simulator the anatomic landmarks involved in emergency cricothyrotomy; 3) correctly list the required equipment and the sequence of the steps for the “standard” and “minimalist” variations of the procedure; 4) demonstrate proper technique when performing a cricothyrotomy on the simulator without prompts or pauses.
Case Report of the Unusual Presentation of Stridor in an Elderly Patient Following a Cervical Fracture
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8V926The cervical CT was significant for a transverse fracture through the C4 vertebral body (see red arrow), lateral facet (green arrow), spinous process (blue arrow), and right lamina (purple arrow) as well as surrounding edema and retropharyngeal thickening (yellow line), best appreciated on sagittal view.
Status Asthmaticus
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8JW6SAt the end of this case, the learners should be able to diagnose an asthma exacerbation, provide the appropriate medications, determine when intubation is necessary, and describe the general principles of ventilator management in an asthmatic patient.