A Case Report on Miliary Tuberculosis in Acute Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome

doi:https://doi.org/10.21980/J81H02

A Case Report on Miliary Tuberculosis in Acute Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome

Erica Concors, MD^*, Hamid Ehsani-Nia, DO^* and Michael Mirza, MD^*

^*Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ

Correspondence should be addressed to Hamid Ehsani-Nia, DO at hamid.ehsaninia@rutgers.edu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J81H02 Issue 5:3

Infectious Disease Respiratory Visual EM

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ABSTRACT:

This is a case report of an HIV-positive patient with miliary tuberculosis (MTB). He presents to the emergency department (ED) two-weeks following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with worsening cough, fevers, and malaise. The patient was diagnosed with Tuberculosis-Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) and subsequently treated with corticosteroids, resulting in clinical improvement over a two-week in-patient hospitalization. This case report details a rare case of TB-IRIS, a clinical diagnosis without universally agreed upon criteria. It also demonstrates a classic miliary pattern of disseminated tuberculosis on chest radiography.