Procedure & Ultrasound
Procedural Case: Neonatal Lumbar Puncture
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8.52364This is a Procedure case involving a neonatal LP. The overarching educational goal of this case is to assess learners’ clinical decision-making, technical proficiency, and communication skills when performing a neonatal LP. Participants will be evaluated on their ability to identify indications and contraindications, obtain informed consent, prepare for and perform the procedure with sterile technique, and implement appropriate post-procedure care. By the end of the session, learners should be able to: 1) describe the indications and contraindications associated with performing a neonatal LP, 2) obtain informed consent for a neonatal LP, using clear, patient-centered language to explain the procedure and to discuss risks, benefits, and alternative options, 3) demonstrate proper preparation for a neonatal LP, including equipment setup, patient positioning, patient monitoring, use of sterile technique, and analgesia, 4) perform a neonatal LP on a procedural task trainer with technical proficiency, demonstrating proper needle insertion, cerebrospinal (CSF) collection, and adherence to sterile technique, and 5) outline appropriate post-procedure management for the patient, including interpreting CSF results, initiating appropriate treatment, monitoring for complications, and providing caregivers with clear follow-up guidance.
Ultrasound Case: Syncope in PE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21980/J8.52365By the end of the session, learners will be able to: 1) obtain and interpret the parasternal short-axis view of the heart to assess right ventricular size and function, 2) identify ultrasound findings suggestive of pulmonary embolism (PE) on cardiac short-axis view, including right ventricular dilation and septal bowing, 3) demonstrate appropriate probe selection and positioning to obtain optimal images of the heart and inferior vena cava (IVC), 4) evaluate the IVC using a subxiphoid or longitudinal view to assess distension and lack of respiratory collapse as supportive findings for elevated right heart pressures, 5) identify the anatomy of the neck vasculature, differentiate between the internal jugular vein and carotid artery, and select the appropriate puncture site, 6) describe ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization via the right internal jugular vein, using a sterile technique and real-time guidance